Title: Appalachian Coal Data
Description: Appalachian Coal Data were prepared in late 2019 and early 2020 to support technical writing about Appalachian coalfield history, environment, and communities. The data originate from US federal government publications. All data sources are non-copyrighted. The data concern Appalachian and US coal production quantities, pricing, and revenue generation; Appalachian coal’s role in the USA’s energy economy; land areas disturbed by Appalachian coal mining; and selected coal-production, population, economic, and human-health metrics for counties and independent cities in seven states encompassing the Appalachian coalfield classified by coal-production status. The posted data are time series covering differing periods, some extending as far back as the late 1700s and all terminating in recent years, 2011 through 2019. The database was constructed while considering the Appalachian coalfield to include coal-mining areas of Tennessee, eastern Kentucky, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and the southwestern coalfield area of Virginia. 
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Keywords: mining, Appalachian Coal, Coal mines, Land Reclamation, Appalachia, Surface mining, Underground mining, Poverty, Environmental Disturbance, Coal mines and mining, Mortality, Population
	
Subject: 
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Publisher: University Libraries, Virginia Tech

	
Items in this dataset:

Title: Table 3. Coal Production by County, State, and Mine Type, 1980-2018.csv
Description: Data are coal mined annually in the Appalachian region of eastern United States, by county and by mining method (underground, surface) and reported  as short tons per year. Primary data were obtained through analysis of data compiled by the US Mine Safety and Health Administration; those data were supplemented by referencing publications of the US Energy Information Administration.  See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal, Underground mining, Surface mining
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 10. County Classifications for Economic and Human-Health Analyses.csv
Description: This table provides a classification of counties and independent cities in seven states that incorporate the Appalachian coalfield (Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia) that is based on cumulative coal production (1980-2017), geographic locations for non-coal-production areas, and populations. Those classifications were used for analysis of economic and population health data reported in manuscripts prepared for an in-preparation book, “Appalachia’s Coal-Mined Landscapes.” Selected economic and population health metrics are also included in this dataset for each jurisdiction. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal, Mortality, Population, Poverty
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 7. USA Primary Energy Consumption by Source (inc. App Coal Share) 1775-2017.csv
Description: Data are annual primary energy consumption estimates by source (wood/biomass; coal; petroleum; natural gas; hydroelectric; nuclear; solar, wind, and geothermal) for the United States,  reported as quadrillion Btus per year and as reported previously by US Energy Information Administration. In addition, the fraction of consumed energy provided coal mined in the Appalachian region is estimated. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 8. USA Electricity Generation by Energy Source 1920-2017.csv
Description: Data are annual amounts of electrical energy generated from individual fuel sources (coal, oil, gas, hydro, nuclear, other) reported as million kilowatthours per year. Data for 1949-2017 are as-reported by the US Energy Information Administration. Data for 1920-1948 were estimated from historical documents published by the US Bureau of the Census. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 6. USA Average Coal Prices, 1900-2011..csv
Description: Data are average annual prices received by mines for coal mined in the United States reported as dollars per short ton. Annual price data as published by the US Energy Information Administration since 1949 are reported. These data are supplemented by price data extending backwards to 1900 as reported in historical documents published by the US Bureau of the Census. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 5. Estimated Sales Revenues for Coal Mined by County, 1980-2018..csv
Description: Data are estimated annual revenues received by mining firms for coal mined in each county of the Appalachian region in eastern United States. Annual revenues are estimated for each county as the product of mined-coal tonnages multiplied by the statewide or sub-state regional price per ton (either as-published by US Energy Information Administration or as-estimated when such prices were not published). Data are reported as current US dollars (not adjusted for inflation). See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 9. Land Disturbed by SMCRA-permitted Mining, 1978-2019.csv
Description: Data are acres of land disturbed by coal mining in seven states (Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia) under Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) permits, as documented by U.S. Office of Surface (US OSMRE) and state mining agencies operating under US OSMRE oversight. Acres reclaimed and released from regulatory obligations are reported annually; these data are added to the acreages reported by those agencies as “disturbed” at the end of the analysis period to calculate cumulative land-disturbance totals. The Kentucky acreages are further segmented to estimate eastern Kentucky and Appalachian regional disturbances.  The cumulative land disturbance estimates do not account for re-mining activity. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal, Land Reclamation, Environmental Disturbance
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 4. Appalachian Coal Prices, 1980-2018.csv
Description: Data are average annual mine-mouth sales prices for coal mined the Appalachian region of eastern United States, reported as US dollars per short ton. Average prices by state, sub-state region, and mining-method as reported by US Energy Information Administration (EIA) are listed here. Where EIA withheld price data, those prices have been estimated based on data available from EIA. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information including price-estimating methods.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Appalachian Coal Data.docx
Description: This document describes sources, compilation methods, and other background information for the Appalachian Coal Data that are posted as associated tabular data files.  
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachia, Coal mines, mining
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 2. Coal Production by Mining Method 1900-2018..csv
Description: Data are coal mined annually in the United States  and in the Appalachian region of eastern United States by mining method (underground, surface, and total), reported as 1000 short tons per year. Data were published  previously by the US Energy Information Administration and by the US Bureau of the Census. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal, Surface mining, Underground mining
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23

Title: Table 1. Coal Production by State 1880-2018..csv
Description: Data are coal mined annually in the Appalachian region of eastern United States, reported for state and sub-state regions as short tons per year. The data are based on publications of the US Energy Information Administration and US Geological Survey. For some states and years, data published by those agencies were adjusted based on information published elsewhere so as to include only Appalachian coalfield mining. See “Appalachian Coal Data.docx” file in this dataset for additional information.
	
Authors: Carl E Zipper
	
Resource type: Tabular Data
	
License: CC BY 3.0 US
	
Keywords: Appalachian Coal
	
Subject: Coal mines and mining
	
Language: English
	
Location: 
	
Date Uploaded: 2020-06-23