<p dir="ltr">This study investigated the metabolic mechanisms underlying steatotic liver disease (SLD) in neonatal pigs fed formulas differing in fatty acid composition. Neonatal pigs were fed isocaloric formulas enriched with medium-chain (MCFA) or long-chain (LCFA) fatty acids for 7, 14, or 21 days to evaluate hepatic regulation of lipogenic and lipolytic pathways. Gene expression, fatty acid composition, oxidation assays, and plasma metabolites were analyzed. MCFA feeding led to concurrent upregulation of lipolytic and lipogenic genes, greater hepatic accumulation of C12-C16 fatty acids, and enhanced oxidation and ketogenesis compared with LCFA feeding. Multivariate analyses (PCA, PLS) revealed distinct metabolic clustering between MCFA- and LCFA-fed groups. These findings indicate that pediatric SLD involves adaptive hepatic responses in which enhanced fatty acid uptake and synthesis exceed the liver’s oxidative and export capacity, leading to net lipid accumulation.</p>
Publisher
University Libraries, Virginia TechCorresponding Author Name
Samer W. El-KadiFiles/Folders in Dataset and Description
[Supplemental Tables] – Contains all supplemental tables associated with the manuscript “Concurrent Increase in Fatty Acid Oxidation and Fatty Acid Synthesis: A Unique Metabolic State in a Pig Model of Pediatric Steatotic Liver Disease.”
[Supplemental Table S1] - Gene-specific primers used for RT-qPCR analysis.
[Supplemental Table S2] - Principal component loadings of fatty acids in liver, plasma, and adipose tissue of neonatal pigs fed LCFA or MCFA formulas for 7, 14, or 21 days.
[Supplemental Table S3] - Principal component loadings of hepatic lipolytic and lipogenic genes, liver fatty acids, plasma β-hydroxybutyrate, and ex vivo fatty acid oxidation of laurate and palmitate in LCFA- and MCFA-fed pigs at 7, 14, or 21 days.
[Supplemental Figures] - Contains all supplemental figures related to the manuscript “Concurrent Increase in Fatty Acid Oxidation and Fatty Acid Synthesis: A Unique Metabolic State in a Pig Model of Pediatric Steatotic Liver Disease.”
[Supplemental Figure S1] – Flow chart of the study design showing neonatal pigs (n = 36) fed LCFA or MCFA formulas for 7, 14, or 21 days.
[Supplemental Figure S2] – Relative hepatic mRNA abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism and nutrient sensing in LCFA- and MCFA-fed pigs.
[Supplemental Figure S3] – PCA scores of tissue fatty acid composition showing effects of formula type and feeding duration.
[Supplemental Figure S4] – PCA scores integrating hepatic gene expression, fatty acid composition, fatty acid oxidation, and lipid accumulation outcomes.
[Supplemental Figure S5] – Heatmap of centered and scaled parameter estimates from partial least squares (PLS) regression integrating hepatic gene expression and metabolic outcomes in pigs fed LCFA or MCFA formulas for 7, 14, or 21 days.
